์ด ์„ธ์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์„ค์ •์ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋‹˜์˜ ๊ณ„์ • ์„ค์ •์„ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด ๊ณ„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ น ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ด ๊ณ„์ •์—์„œ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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스페르미딘의 놀라운 효능: 식품 공급원, 장수, 심장 건강 등

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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์ Š์Œ์˜ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์š•๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์ปค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ Š์Œ์˜ ์ƒ˜์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ Š์Œ๊ณผ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ฒฐ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?

์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์— ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์ธ์ฒด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์‹๋ฌผ์„ฑ ์‹ํ’ˆ์—๋„ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹ํ’ˆ์›์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ Š์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋‡Œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์—๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ํฐ ํž˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ Š์Œ์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ํšจ๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์‹ํ’ˆ

  • ๋งฅ์•„
  • ๋Œ€๋‘
  • ๋…น์ƒ‰ ์™„๋‘์ฝฉ
  • ์ฒด๋‹ค ์น˜์ฆˆ(๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ˆ™์„ฑ ์น˜์ฆˆ)
  • ๋ฒ„์„ฏ
  • ๋ฐฐ
  • ๋‹ญ ๊ฐ„
  • ์†Œ๊ณ ๊ธฐ
  • ๋ง๊ณ 
  • ๋ Œํ‹ธ์ฝฉ
  • ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ฝœ๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋ผ์›Œ
  • ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜
  • ๋ ˆ๋“œ๋นˆ

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?

1678๋…„์— ์•ˆํ† ๋‹ˆ ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋ฒคํ˜ธํฌ(Antonie van Leeuwenhoek)๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ(polyamine)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ณด์†œ(์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณณ) ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ƒ์ฒด ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๊ตฌ์ฒด์ธ ํ‘ธํŠธ๋ ˆ์‹ (putrescine)์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏผ(spermine)์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜, ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏผ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์„ธํฌ ์„ฑ์žฅ, ๋ถ„์—ด, ์ฆ์‹, ๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์€ ์•„์ง ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ์€ DNA ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, DNA ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ์„ธํฌ์ž๋ฉธ์‚ฌ(๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฉธํ•˜๋„๋ก ์งœ์—ฌ์ง„ ๋ฐฉ์‹)์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ 2019๋…„ ์˜คํ† ํŒŒ์ง€ ์ €๋„(Journal of Autophagy)์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ๋…ธํ™”์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„์— ์—ด๊ฑฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์‹ํ’ˆ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค„์–ด๋“  ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์žฅ์ˆ˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ

์„ธํฌ ํšŒ์ถ˜, ์ˆ˜๋ช… ์—ฐ์žฅ, ๋…ธํ™” ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ํšจ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์š•๋ง์œผ๋กœ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํด๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฏผ์ด ์„ธํฌ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ์—์•ผ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผํ•™์  ํ† ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋งŽ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ๋…ธํ™” ๋ฐ ๋…ธํ™” ๊ด€๋ จ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ž„์ƒ์˜์–‘ํ•™์ €๋„(American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition)์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์‹๋‹จ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์ด ์•„์ง ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹(autophagy) ๊ณผ์ •์„

์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 2018๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ์ด‰์ง„ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” FDA ์Šน์ธ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ์ธ ๋ผํŒŒ๋งˆ์ด์‹ (rapamycin)์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ์•ž์„œ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์ด ์žฅ์ˆ˜์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹

์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹(autophagy, ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป)์€ ์‹ ์ฒด ๋‚ด ์†์ƒ๋œ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ '๋จน์Œ'์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ •ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํ—์  ๋‹จ์‹์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 16์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์‹ ํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜๊ณ  ์†์ƒ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธํฌ ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธํฌ ์ƒ์„ฑ์— ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์€ ์‹ ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜๊ณ  ์†์ƒ๋œ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์˜ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ๋…ธํ™”๋œ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์Œ“์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ €ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ํ‡ดํ–‰, ๊ฐ์—ผ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€๋ฉด์—ญ์งˆํ™˜ ๋“ฑ ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธํ™” ๊ด€๋ จ ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ €ํ•˜๋˜๋ฉด ๋…ธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ด‰์ง„๋˜๋ฉด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์žฅ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ „

์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ, ์‹๋‹จ, ํŠน์ • ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ์ œํ•œ, ์šด๋™, ๊ฐ„ํ—์  ๋‹จ์‹, ํ‚คํ† ์ œ๋‹‰ ์‹๋‹จ, ์•ฝ๋ฌผ(๋ผํŒŒ๋งˆ์ด์‹ ), ๋…น์ฐจ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฒ ๋ผํŠธ๋กค๊ฐ•ํ™ฉNMN์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ์ˆ˜์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ์ค‘ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 2009๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์„ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ํšจ๋ชจ, ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ, ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ํ˜„์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ์ „๋‹ฌํšจ์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ํŠน์ • ํšจ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํšจ์†Œ๋Š” DNA ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์˜ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธํฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฉธ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ์—ฐ์žฅ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ 2010๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ํšจ๋ชจ, ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ, ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ, ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…์—์„œ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ข…์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…๋ ฅ ์ฆ์ง„ ํšจ๋Šฅ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 2011๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฒ ๋ผํŠธ๋กค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋™์ผํ•œ ํšจ์†Œ, ์ฆ‰ ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ์ „๋‹ฌํšจ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ˜•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๋Š” ์žฅ์ˆ˜์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ณด์™„์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์— ๋”ํ•ด 2014๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ํšจ์†Œ๋Š” EP300์ธ๋ฐ, ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ํšจ์†Œ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ์ด ์–ต์ œ๋˜์–ด ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์ง„๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ ์  ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ๋‡Œ ๋ฐ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ๋…ธํ™” ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์งˆํ™˜์— ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•

๋™์ผํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ฐœ์„ ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ฅ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ 2016๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด๊ฑด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ—ˆํ˜ˆ์„ฑ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜๋งŒ ๋†“๊ณ  ๋ด๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ง์˜ 16%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฌ๋ง ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์š”๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ž ์žฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹คํ—˜์šฉ ์ฅ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ 2017๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏผ์ด ๋ฉด์—ญ ๋ฐ˜์‘, ํ˜ˆ์•ก ์‘๊ณ , ์ง€์งˆ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ, ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€์น˜์˜จ(ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™”์ œ) ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒํ–ฅ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜ํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 2019๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๋Š” ์‹ฌ์žฅ ์„ธํฌ ์ƒ์กด๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์„ธํฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฉธ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋งˆ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์€ ์ฅ์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, 2022๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ์‹ฌ๊ทผ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰(AMI) ํ™˜์ž 377๋ช…์„ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜ˆ์ฒญ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ์‚ฐํ™” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค(ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ™œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์†์ƒ) ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ํ˜ˆ์ค‘ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์กด ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ์จ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋งˆ๋น„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋งˆ์ปค๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋„์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ๋‡Œ ๋ฐ ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฐœ์„  ํšจ๋Šฅ

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์žฅ์ˆ˜์™€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์™ธ์— ๋‡Œ์™€ ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์—๋„ ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์•Œ์ธ ํ•˜์ด๋จธ๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜ ํŒŒํ‚จ์Šจ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋…ธํ™” ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‡Œ ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์น˜๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๋” ํ”ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋…ธํ™”๋œ ๋‡Œ์— ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 2020๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏผ์ด ๋…ธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹๊ณผ ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ 2020๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์•Œ์ธ ํ•˜์ด๋จธ๋ณ‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ ๊ฐํ‡ด๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ํŒŒํ‚จ์Šจ๋ณ‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธํ† ํŒŒ์ง€(์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹์˜ ์ผ์ข…)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ–‰๋™ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ(์˜ˆ: ์šด๋™ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ)์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ํ•ด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ DNA ๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธํ™” ์ด‰์ง„์ด๋‚˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋…ธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€์—ฐ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2021๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์‹์ด ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ธ์ง€ ์žฅ์•  ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๊ฐ„์— ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ์„ญ์ทจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธํ† ์ฝ˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ์ž๊ฐ€ํฌ์‹ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ์ง€๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜๊ณผ ๋‡Œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ฐœ์„  ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ฆฝํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ž„์ƒ์‹œํ—˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ํ•ญ์—ผ์ฆ ๋ฐ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ํšจ๋Šฅ

์—ผ์ฆ์€ ์„ธ๊ท , ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค, ๊ณฐํŒก์ด, ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ถฉ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์œ ๋ฐœ ์ธ์ž ๋“ฑ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์นจ์ž…์ž์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์–ด ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์—ผ์ฆ์ด ํ†ต์ œ ๋ถˆ๋Šฅ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ๋ฅ˜๋งˆํ‹ฐ์Šค ๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์—ผ์ฆ์„ฑ ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ผ์ฆ์„ฑ ์งˆํ™˜์—๋„ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒ์˜ํ•™ ์ €๋„(Journal of Biomedical Science)์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ 2012๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์—ผ์ฆ์˜ ์›์ธ(์˜ˆ: ํ•ต์ธ์ž ์นดํŒŒ B(NF-ฮบB) ๋ฐ MAP ํ‚ค๋‚˜์•„์ œ(MAPK) ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ „๋‹ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ)์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ญ์—ผ์ฆ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ 2017๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ™œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์†Œ์ข…์˜ ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด ์ถ•์ ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ ์‚ฐํ™” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์†Œ์ข…์€ ๋ฅ˜๋งˆํ‹ฐ์Šค ๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ, ํ—ˆํ˜ˆ์„ฑ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜, ๊ทธ ์™ธ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ/์‹ ์žฅ/๊ฐ„ ๋ณ‘์ฆ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๋งŒ์„ฑ ์—ผ์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์†์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ™œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ผ์ฆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ €๋„(Journal of Inflammation Research)์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์ „์—ผ์ฆ์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์ดํ† ์นด์ธ์ธ IL-6์™€ IL-1ฮฒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ˆ์ฒญ ๋‚ด ํ•ญ์—ผ์ฆ ์ธ์ž์ธ IL-10์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ ์™ธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ํšจ๋Šฅ

์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์งˆํ™˜์—์„œ ํฐ ์ž ์žฌ์  ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์ข…์–‘, ๊ทผ์œก ๋ณ‘์ฆ, ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ์งˆํ™˜, ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 2023๋…„์˜ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์ข…์–‘ ์„ธํฌ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข…์–‘ ์„ธํฌ ์ฆ์‹์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข…์–‘ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์ Š์€ ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ๋„ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝ๊ตญ(FDA)์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์€ ์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ์ž˜ ์ ์‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜ ์„ญ์ทจ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๋ก 

์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋ชธ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉด ์ŠคํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ๋”˜์˜ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์žฅ์ˆ˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ:

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  2. Front. Nutr., 11 July 2019 Sec. Nutrition and Food Science Technology Volume 6 - 2019
  3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/spermidine
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  5. Stefan Kiechl and others, Higher spermidine intake is linked to lower mortality: a prospective population-based study, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 108, Issue 2, August 2018, Pages 371โ€“380
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  10. Yang Z, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM.: 10.1007/s00109-015-1297-8. Epub 2015 Jun 10. PMID: 26054920; PMCID: PMC4486076.
  11. Nakamura S, Yoshimori T. Autophagy and Longevity. Mol Cells. 2018 Jan 31;41(1):65-72. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2333. Epub 2018 Jan 23. 
  12. Eisenberg T, Knauer H, Schauer A, Bรผttner S, et al. Induction of autophagy by spermidine promotes longevity. Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Nov;11(11):1305-14. 
  13. Madeo F, Eisenberg T, Bรผttner S, Ruckenstuhl C, Kroemer G. Spermidine: a novel autophagy inducer and longevity elixir. Autophagy. 2010 Jan;6(1):160-2. 
  14. Morselli E, Mariรฑo G, Bennetzen MV, Eisenberg T, et al. Spermidine and resveratrol induce autophagy by distinct pathways converging on the acetylproteome. J Cell Biol. 2011 Feb 21;192(4):615-29.
  15. Pietrocola F, Lachkar S, Enot DP, et al. Spermidine induces autophagy by inhibiting the acetyltransferase EP300. Cell Death Differ. 2015 Mar;22(3):509-16. 
  16. Eisenberg T, Abdellatif M, Schroeder S, et al. Cardioprotection and lifespan extension by the natural polyamine spermidine. Nat Med. 2016 Dec;22(12):1428-1438.
  17. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death
  18. Zhang H, Wang J, Li L, Chai N, Chen Y, et al. Spermine and spermidine reversed age-related cardiac deterioration in rats. Oncotarget. 2017 May 31;8(39):64793-64808. 
  19. Yan J, Yan JY, Wang YX, Ling YN, et al. Spermidine-enhanced autophagic flux improves cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction by targeting the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Sep;176(17):3126-3142.
  20. Yu Z, Jiao Y, Zhang J, Xu Q, Xu J, Li R, Yuan W, Guo H, Sun Z, Zheng L. Effect of Serum Spermidine on the Prognosis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Cohort Study. Nutrients. 2022 Mar 27;14(7):1394. 
  21. Xu TT, Li H, Dai Z, et al. Spermidine and spermine delay brain aging by inducing autophagy in SAMP8 mice. Aging (Albany, NY). 2020 Apr 8;12(7):6401-6414.
  22. Yang X, Zhang M, Dai Y, et al. Spermidine inhibits neurodegeneration and delays aging via the PINK1-PDR1-dependent mitophagy pathway in C. elegans. Aging (Albany, NY). 2020 Sep 9;12(17):16852-16866. 
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  25. Jeong JW, Cha HJ, Han MH, et. al. Spermidine Protects against Oxidative Stress in Inflammation Models Using Macrophages and Zebrafish. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2018 Mar 1;26(2):146-156.
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๋ฉด์ฑ…์‚ฌํ•ญ:์›ฐ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ์˜ ์ทจ์ง€๋Š” ์˜ํ•™์ ์ธ ์ง„๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ